Beloved Essay - 2136 Words

Beloved Essay In the novel Beloved, Toni Morrison delves into not only her characters painful pasts, but also the painful past of the injustice of slavery. Few authors can invoke the heart-wrenching imagery and feelings that Toni Morrison can in her novels, and her novel Beloved is a prime example of this. Toni Morrison writes in such a way that her readers, along with her characters, find themselves tangled and struggling in a web of history, pain, truth, suffering, and the past. While many of Toni Morrisons novels deal with aspects of her characters past lives and their struggles with how to embrace or reject their memories, Beloved is a novel in which the past plays an exceptionally important role. Most often, it is Beloveds†¦show more content†¦However, upon seeing Sethe alive and well at 124, something unusual takes place within Paul D. The narrator tells us that Paul D, Â…could not account for the pleasure in his surprise at seeing Halles wife aliveÂ…The closed portion of his head opened like a greased lock (p 41). This is the first instance in the novel that Paul D sees Sethe, and immediately a portion of his body that he shut in an effort to keep from seeing, feeling, and thinking about his past, has opened. At this point, it is merely the sight of Sethe that causes Paul D to open a part of himself, however; later on in the novel, Paul D once again opens himself to Sethe through storytelling. On page 71, after discussing a painful memory of Sethes past, Paul D begins to tell Sethe a piece of an agonizing memory from his past. After some prompting from Sethe, Paul D attempts to tell Sethe his story of feeling dehumanized while he had an iron bit in his mouth. He remembers comparing himself to roosters, and feeling that the roosters were better, freer, and more in control than he was. Immediatley after Paul D decides to stop telling his story and talking about his feelings, we learn of the tobacco tin within his chest where he hides all the painful memories of the past. However, if we examine what has just happened through Sethes prompting and Paul Ds story telling, we find that Paul D is not as successful atShow MoreRelated Beloved Essay593 Words   |  3 Pages Beloved, like many of the other books we have read, has to deal with the theme of isolation. There was the separation of Sethe and Denver from the rest of the world. There was also, the loneliness of each main character throughout the book. There were also other areas of the book where the idea of detachment from something was obvious. People’s opinions about the house made them stay away and there was also the inner detachment of Sethe from herself. The theme that Toni Morrison had in mind whenRead More Character of Beloved in Toni Morrisons Beloved Essays2510 Words   |  11 PagesThe Character of Beloved in Toni Morrisons Beloved Perhaps one of the most important issues in Toni Morrisons award-winning novel Beloved is Morrisons intentional diversity of possible interpretations. However the text is looked at and analyzed, it is the variety of these multiple meanings that confounds any simple interpretation and gives the novel the complexity. The debate rages on over many topics, but one issue of central and basic importance to the understanding of the novel is definingRead MoreMemory in Beloved Essay1897 Words   |  8 Pagesemotional experience. Very often it is thoughtful that this neglecting and abandoning is the best way to forget. In Toni Morrison’s novel Beloved, memory is depicted as a dangerous and deliberating faculty of human consciousness. In this novel Sethe endures the oppression of self imposed prison of memory by revising the past and death of her daughter Beloved, her mother and Baby Suggs. In Louise Erdrich’s story Love Medicine, memory of death and the past is revealed careful ly among the charactersRead More Essay on Toni Morrisons Beloved - Symbol and Symbolism in Beloved1562 Words   |  7 PagesSymbolism in Beloved  Ã‚     In the novel Beloved, the author, Toni Morrison, attempts to promote a variety of different themes and ideas by symbolizing them in minor events and situations.   This symbolism is evident throughout the entire novel and is very crucial to the understanding and analyzing of the text.   A good example of this is the ice skating scene.   Morrison uses this scene to represent the slow, but consistent, deterioration of the family living in 124 and to foreshadow the ultimateRead MoreToni Morrisons Beloved Essays1058 Words   |  5 PagesIf ignorance is bliss, then why is it human nature to uncover the truth? In Toni Morrison’s Beloved, the character Denver uses knowledge to feed her craving in hopes that it will fill the void her mother unsuccessfully tried to satisfy with the blood of the past and too little milk. To understand these truths one must accept that Beloved is a physical representation of the past, Sethe embodies the present, and Denver exemplifies the futur e. Throughout the novel these three characters interact onRead More Toni Morrisons Beloved - Identity Essay1171 Words   |  5 PagesReview of Beloved: A Question of Identity  Ã‚   In her essay Beloved: A Question of Identity, Christina Davis discusses the issue of identity from an historical perspective, a textual perspective and an authorial perspective. She looks at the text in comparison to the slave narrative, explores how the text itself expresses issues of identity and describes Morrisons choices of authorship and their contribution to identity. Her exploration of the theme of identity calls upon the treatment ofRead More Essay on Toni Morrisons Beloved - Sethes Act of Filicide1653 Words   |  7 PagesSethes Act of Filicide in Beloved      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Shortly after the publication of Beloved, Toni Morrison commented in an interview that Sethes murder of Beloved was the right thing to do, but she had no right to do it.... It was the only thing to do, but it was the wrong thing to do.1[1]   Does this remark prove the moral ambiguity of the infanticide, as Terry Otten argues?2[2]   Yes, it was right but wrong, and wrong but right.   However, the most important thing is that It was the only thing toRead More Memory in Toni Morrisons Beloved Essay806 Words   |  4 PagesMemory in Toni Morrisons Beloved       Memories are works of fiction, selective representations of experiences actual or imagined. They provide a framework for creating meaning in ones own life as well as in the lives of others. In Toni Morrisons novel Beloved, memory is a dangerous and debilitating faculty of human consciousness. Sethe endures the tyranny of the self imposed prison of memory. She expresses an insatiable obsession with her memories, with the past. Sethe is compelled to exploreRead More The Ghost of Toni Morrisons Beloved Essay1494 Words   |  6 PagesThe Ghost of Beloved One of the most engaging arguments about Toni Morrison’s book Beloved is centered around the nature of the girl Beloved. The argument is whether Beloved is simply a young woman who herself had suffered the horrors of slavery, or the ghost of Sethe’s crawling already? baby girl. The evidence shows that Morrison intended Beloved to be the ghost of the crawling already? girl. It has been said that there are basically two reasons why ghosts walk: they have eitherRead More Toni Morrisons Beloved: Not a Story to be Passed On Essay example5432 Words   |  22 PagesToni Morrisons Beloved: Not a Story to be Passed On Beloved, Toni Morrisons Nobel Prize winning novel, is a masterfully written book in which the characters must deal with a past that perpetually haunts them.   This haunting, in the form of a twenty year old ghost named Beloved, not only stalks them in the spirit, but also in the flesh.   Beloved, both in story and in character hides the truth in simple ways and convinces those involved that the past never leaves, it only becomes part of who

The Tragedy Of Othello By William Shakespeare - 757 Words

The Tragedy of Othello by William Shakespeare William Shakespeare uses many literary devices to enhance and provide greater complexity in his works. More specifically, the theme, symbolism, and dramatic irony are used to enrich Shakespeare’s The Tragedy of Othello. The plot is definitely engaging but the theme allows for an universal human correspondence, furthering the depth of the author’s message. The element of symbolism contributes to the theme of Shakespeare’s tragedy. Symbolism expresses elaborate concepts, which further intrigues the readers. Another literary tool Shakespeare uses to enrich his piece is dramatic irony. The powerful device of dramatic irony is intended to maintain the audience s interest by establishing a†¦show more content†¦Iago’s rage assembles from the hatred and jealousy he has for Othello, which he expresses: â€Å"I hate the Moor, And it is thought abroad, that twixt my sheets Has done my office. I know not if t be true, But I, for mere suspicion in that kind, Will do as if for surety.† (Shakespeare1473) Iago desires the life of Othello, so for that reason he destroys everything he possess. Ironically, both Othello and Iago face tragic flaws of jealousy, leading to the fall of their characters. Another influential tool Shakespeare used in Othello was dramatic irony. Throughout the play, Iago would speak to the audience and reveal his fleshed out plan plotting against Othello: â€Å"Cassio s a proper man. Let me see now: To get his place and to plume up my will In double knavery. How? How? Let s see. After some time, to abuse Othello s ear That he is too familiar with his wife. He hath a person and a smooth dispose To be suspected, framed to make women false. The Moor is of a free and open nature, That thinks men honest that but seem to be so, And will as tenderly be led by th nose As asses are. I have t. It is engendered. Hell and night Must bring this monstrous birth to the world s light.†(Shakespeare1473) The audience was aware of Iago’s strategy against Othello, however most of the significant characters were blind to the threat of Iago. The dramatic irony that exists creates suspense byShow MoreRelatedThe Tragedy Of Othello By William Shakespeare938 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The Tragedy of Othello† is commonly considered one of Shakespeare s greatest tragedies and one of his finest works. In this play we see many literary devices at work. Several of these devices are involved in Iago’s deceitful plot against Othello that creates much suspense for the duration of the play. In â€Å"The Tragedy of Othello,† William Shakespeare uses symbolism, irony, and tone to create this classic drama. Symbols are central to understanding â€Å"Othello† as a play. There are two significantRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Othello By William Shakespeare Essay1537 Words   |  7 PagesDrake Usher Ms. Zamanis Honors English II March 18, 2016 Othello Essay â€Å"The Tragedy of Othello,† by William Shakespeare, is about the tragic downfall of a once great man named Othello by the manipulation of Iago, the antagonist of the story. However, a deeper meaning of Othello could be â€Å"[It] is a tragedy of incomprehension, not at the level on intrigue but at the deepest level of human dealings. No one in Othello come to understand himself or anyone else.† It is debated on whether or not this isRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Othello By William Shakespeare Essay1418 Words   |  6 Pagesentertainment through their literature since the first known published work. However, for many centuries the writer has also been seen to have a diagnostic function, scrutinizing the ills of their society and portraying them for the world to see. William Shakespeare, 1564-1616, was an English playwright, poet and actor, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world s most distinguished dramatist. His surviving works, incl uding some collaborations, consist of about 38 playsRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Othello By William Shakespeare1141 Words   |  5 Pages2 Hr 16 December 2014 Othello Essay The Tragedy of Othello The renowned play of Othello was written by William Shakespeare in the 17th century. The drama follows the life of Othello, a well-respected and admired Venetian general, and the lie he gets tangled up in. Othello is deceived by his â€Å"trustworthy† friend, Iago, who confidently convinces Othello that his honest wife, Desdemona, committed infidelity upon him with his honorable lieutenant, Cassio. At the start, Othello doesn’t quite believe IagoRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Othello By William Shakespeare1737 Words   |  7 PagesThe Tragedy of Othello the: Moor of Venice was written by William Shakespeare, and it is only one of countless notable plays he wrote. A reoccurring theme in Othello is jealousy brought on usually by deception; throughout the play people often hide their true intentions and are not always what they appear to be like W.H Auden said â€Å"There s always another story. There s more than meets the eye.† The relationships Iago built on manipulatio n, lies, and false promises were a crucial part of the play;Read MoreThe Tragedy Of Othello By William Shakespeare998 Words   |  4 Pages The Tragedy of Othello: The Moor of Venice is William Shakespeare’s play, written around sixteen hundreds. The Tragedy of Othello is not just a story of jealousy; this is a tragedy of the clash of two worlds. One of them is a world of absolute cynic, manipulate or Iago; the second world is the world of all the other characters in the tragedy, including, possibly, even Othello. Even though both of the main male characters, Iago and Othello, are murderers, they have different types of charactersRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Othello By William Shakespeare864 Words   |  4 PagesIn the play The Tragedy of Othello, The Moor of Venice by William Shakespeare, Emilia is portrayed as a women who doesn’t have enough self-confidence. She does many awful misdeeds to please her husband, and hopes that he will give her some affection. She just want to make her husband happy. Emilia betrayed her lady Desdemona, because Lago asked for her handkerchief for a while and since she just dropp ed it, suddenly, Emilia thought that this was her opportunity to quickly grab it and make LagoRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Othello By William Shakespeare1133 Words   |  5 PagesThe Tragedy of Othello, the Moor of Venice, is a play written by William Shakespeare between 1601 and 1604 in England. Shakespeare is a legendary author, poet, and play writer. He has wrote many plays like Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, Macbeth, and King Lear Othello is about a black general by the name of Othello who is desperately in love with a young woman named Desdemona. They marry and attempt to build a life together, even though Othello is way older than she is, he’s black, and did not come fromRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Othello By William Shakespeare1854 Words   |  8 PagesThe play â€Å"The Tragedy of Othello, the Moor of Venice† by William Shakespeare is often listed among the greatest stories of tragedies which explores numerous controversial topics including Inter-racial marriage, racism, j ealousy and revenge. While the titular character Othello is the protagonist of the story and definitely does occupy a large part of the play, the real focus of the play is on the ‘ingenuous’ Iago who makes everyone dance on his fingers and successfully manipulates them. The â€Å"Honest†Read MoreThe Tragedy Of William Shakespeare s Othello959 Words   |  4 Pagesthey have to deal with. According to dictionary.com, a struggle is defined as, â€Å"a forceful/violent attempt or effort to get free from restraint or contrition†. Some of these personal struggles are more pronounced than other. From Othello, the tragedy by William Shakespeare, we can see how humans are faced with individual contentions, and their daily actions are ways and efforts of trying to free themselves. In the discussion below we consider Othello’s struggle with being different, gullibility, timidity

Marlita Hill free essay sample

What are the pros and cons of this delivery style? 7. Marlita Hill used visual aids throughout her speech. What other types of visual aids might you have used in this speech? What do you think was the most persuasive aspect of Marlita Hill’s â€Å"The N*Word† speech? Darnell Romain Speech 101 Marlita hill response assignment 1 Marlita Hill gave a speech about the sensitivity of the word â€Å"Nigger†. Her presentation and her delivery were totally on point and very entertaining, marlita backed her informative speech by presenting supporting material and interesting facts from various sources. Including the la times,Detroit news,Jacksonville journal and Seattle times. While still manging to mention well respected news media. Marlita kept it more social and interactive by mentioning comedian Chris rock, Oprah Winfrey while also mentioning the fact radio stations who banned the word had young callers call up for the rite to be called nigger. We will write a custom essay sample on Marlita Hill or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page To me the speech was very convincing and shed lite to a very touchy subject. The way she instructed the crowd made them interact within her speech. She was full of energy and excitement you could feel that as she spoke. Made eye contact, showed boards and even shared a personal story. Me I would have used t-shirts and some songs from gangster rappers. Her speech looked completely memorized and it worked no looking down and giving the audience a chance to be bored. There could be a negative view to this speech. Some mite gasp and feel a certain way because of the pain and suffering that word has cause many people to feel. Marlita even made mentioned to that in her speech by noting how one her past judge felt she mentioned the word to much. Overall I liked how she was brash and upbeat about at first hiding it then making it more cl;ear as she bought up her signs and yelled it out. The most persuasive part about this speech is her energy. To me thats what stuck out the most,she was in total control of the crowd they hung at every word she said while smiling and nodding much joy and emotion was heard throughout the crowd. Overall to me a great speech something i would let my friends listen too.

Administrative Law for Ombudsman Enterprise -myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theAdministrative Law for Ombudsman Enterprise and Justice. Answer: The level of powers and responsibilities which are vested in the administrative agencies of Australian governments are known as Australian administrative law. Basically it is a common law system where statutory overlays are increasing and the focus of which have been changed towards tribunals having extensive jurisdictions and a codified system of judicial review. A well developed ombudsman system is possessed by Australia along with legislations related to the freedom of legislations which are influenced by international models[1]. The comment and notice requirements of delegated legislation designing are influenced by the United States. An office of ombudsman exists both at state and commonwealth levels who have been provided with broad range of powers towards investigating actions related to administrative matters. Administrative law is brought in place so as to ensure quick and appropriate justice to the citizens. However it is against the concept of separation of powers which pr ovides that the judiciary, the executive and the legislative have different and independent roles to play in the society. The purpose of this paper is to assess whether ombudsman and administrative law at state level is appropriate to deal with the relationship between the state of Tasmania and the citizens in 2017. The role of an ombudsman is primarily investigative. It has to investigate the complaints made by the members of the public and in addition it has to investigate on own initiatives of the offices known as own motion investigation. Initially the investigation is privately conducted in an informal manner in form of preliminary inquiries. The powers of an ombudsman are similar to that of a royal commission which is to require examination and attendance of witness, administration of oaths, to enter premises and to require the production of documents[2]. In case it is believed by the ombudsman that an agency has not taken appropriate steps in relation to a particular matter reporting can be done by it to the state government. Tight budgetary restrictions have been imposed on the ombudsman recently. Many activities also have been removed by from the authority of ombudsman due to the introduction of privatization. In Tasmania ombudsman operates successfully and freely and act in public interest so as to improve the standard of public administration in Tasmania and resolve complaints. A few issues which are included by OT are related to the functioning of Tasmanian government agencies and departments, provisions related to services provided by local government, the welfare and treatment of people in prison and actions related to administration of the state owned businesses along with government business enterprises[3]. OT is an independent officer which is appointed by the governor who is directly answerable to the parliament. The OT investigates the administrative actions taken by public authorities so that it can be ensured that they are taking lawful, fair and reasonable actions. The OT works in objective, impartial and independent way in order to resolve complaints along with addressing systematic problems so as to enhance the standard and quality of Tasmanian public administration. The OT supervises over local councils,government departments, sewage and water corporations, stated owned companies, prisons and government enterprises. Investigation can be made by the OT on their own known as Own motionalong with a complaint made by the public. As provided by James ombudsman are very effective to enhance the relationship between the state and the citizens as it involves no cost, it is independent from the government, it provides a remedies for bad practices and when it comes to state ombudsman they have the power of offering conciliation services along with investigations[4]. However, according to buckombudsman cannot provide quick solutions to problems which are complex[5]. In addition as provided by Beckman ombudsman are not effective as the person making a complaint has no control over investigation as the ombudsman do not act specifically for the complainant and can even refuse to deal with particular matters[6]. In addition the decisions which are made by ombudsman are not binding decisions. The law which governs the decisions and actions of government decision makers is known as administrative law. Administrative actions, administrative decisions and administrative law are similar terms which can be used simultaneously. The area of Administrative law also covers the right of appealing against an administrative decision related to the question of Administrative review. Administrative law is predominant in the society. It affects building permits, car licensing, dog registration, water, sewerage, roads and mostly all sectors of society are covered by administrative law and therefore its functioning have a significant effect on the relationship between states and citizens. The decision of the local Council to impose a charge for sewerage or road works, the verdict of a government board towards acceptance rejection of an application related to the registration of a graduate as a teacher and the decision to revoke or grant car license are all parts of Administrative law. Administrative agencies work closely with the society as compared to the Legislature. The decision which is taken by administrative officials has to be in accordance to the existing laws. Although they have the power to make a decision their decisions cannot be influenced by corruption or personal preferences. The decisions of any administrative body is legally binding. However the citizens have the right to make an appeal against such decisions. Appeals are usually made to an Administrative Tribunal which has the capacity to review the merit of the decision. Further the decision of an Administrative Tribunal can be appealed against in court. In such circumstances the court does not have power to comment on the merit of the decision made by administrative tribunals the court only analyses whether such decisions have been made correctly in accordance to the laws or not. A person who has grievances against the decision made by administrative body can make a complaint to ombudsman of the particular state, administrative appeal to a tribunal, administrative review to a magistrate Court or Judicial review to the Supreme Court[7]. In Tasmania particularly citizens can appeal at Resource Management Planning and Appeal Tribunal and Tasmanian Public Housing Review Committee. It has to be noted that decisions which are provided by the public housing cannot be reviewed by the Supreme Court as they do not fall under the scope of Administrative decisions under the Judicial Review Act 2000. A person who is affected by the decision of the administrative body can make an appeal against the decision however in case the partner or ex-partner of such person is affected by such decisi on substantially can also make an appeal. There are a few legislations which provides that interested parties make an appeal against administrative bodies. For instance as provided by the Ombudsman Act 1978 where there is a question with respect to the jurisdiction of the ombudsman towards conducting an investigation into a complaint a party who is interested make an application before the supreme court to determine the question related to the jurisdiction[8]. Interested parties may include the administrative body, the principal officer of the administrative body, the Minister who is responsible for the decision and any person who has made the decision or the complaints[9]. The need for administrative law and Society is very high. It is not possible for the legislature to enact laws for each and every circumstances. The administrative bodies who deal closely with the society understand the functioning of the society and are in a much better position than the Legislature to handle the specific situation. However for a person to make a review against in administrative bodys decision there must be appropriate grounds for making such appeals[10]. Speaking technically judicial functions are primarily vested in the courts. The Commonwealth constitution does not follow the doctrine of separation of powers as quickly as it is followed by other countries. In Australia judicial powers are vested in both Federal and state courts however it is not compulsory that only these courts have the power to exercise judicial functions. In Australia judicial powers are delegated to other bodies which do not fall within the scope of ordinary courts. Administrative bodies can be better than ordinary quotes with respect to disposing cases in a timely way. In addition adjudication of Administrative tribunals are much cheaper as compared to court adjudication. The system of Administrative Agencies is flexible as well as informal as compared to the stringent and rigid common court proceedings. Administrative bodies or agencies usually have experts who have increased knowledge in a particular field or domain and therefore they are in a better positio n to understand a particular matter as compared to the judges in the court only have legal knowledge. However as provided by Barnett administrative bodies suffer from a lack of legal expertise many members of the administrative agencies are selected from diverse backgrounds and thus they do not have any legal knowledge required to adjudicate disputes[11]. Moreover Rose et al. have provided that there is always a fear of partiality with respect to the decision of Administrative agencies as most of the members of Administrative tribunals add employees of various Agencies all offices and therefore there decisions may not be particularly free and they may be bias or partial towards a particular agency[12]. The most debate full criticism provided against the system of Administrative law is that it violates the doctrine of separation of powers as it is the quotes who have been provided the authority to deal with legal matters. Ombudsman is an initiative which would ensure that there is a body to supervise over the decisions of Administrative bodies. In addition as a moment can carry out investigation in relation to and administrative party without any complain there is always a fear in mind of the administrative officials that a Watchdog is keeping an eye on the activities and therefore they must act in accordance with law. For the purpose of promoting a healthy relationship between the citizens and the state the proper functioning of the administrative bodies has to be insured. Just and fair decisions provided by the administrative bodies would ensure that the faith of people is entrusted into the governance of the state. Ombudsman is an efficient tool despite all criticism to ensure proper functioning of the administrative bodies. This can be said because even though the decisions of ombudsman and not binding the Parliament can take necessary action against administrative bodies if proper proof is provid ed to it by the ombudsman. Even though ombudsman do not investigate into specific matters the investigation can also be initiated by them on their own therefore they are able to keep an eye on the functions of the administrative bodies. Although ombudsman is a modest tool which does not have access to much power it has significant influence on ensuring good administration, safeguarding human rights, preventing corruption and initiating positive policy making. The most user friendly public administration is brought into effect by the use of ombudsman as provided by Leyland[13]. Through the process of Investigation and reviews ombudsman stop the violation of human rights and ensures consequences for any violation. Through adding to the process of changing and formulating policies ombudsman makes a contribution towards removing any inefficiencies and deficiencies related to the function of the state along with removal of any potential causes of social conflict. It not only strengthens democracy but also modernizes state institution. However it is not easy to measure how effective the work of an ombudsman is as the role played by him in the society constitutes of many functions such as dealing with complaint, interventions, identification and removal of irregularities, supervising the function of the state bodies and recommending a course of action to enhance the functions of the state. The concept of ombudsman and the principles of Administrative law must work hand in hand in order to ensure that a healthy relationship is established between the citizens and the state in the modern day. As administrative law is present in almost every part of the society there may be situation giving rise to personal preferences and corruption taking over the duty to act in accordance to the legal provisions. Such situations are addressed by an ombudsman so as to trigger best quality pubic administration and healthy citizen and state relationships. Bibliography Barnett, Hilaire.Constitutional and administrative law. Taylor Francis, 2017. Beckman, Ludvig, and Fredrik Uggla. "An Ombudsman for Future Generations, Legitimate and Effective?." (2016): 117-134. Buck, Trevor, and Richard Kirkham.The ombudsman enterprise and administrative justice. Routledge, 2016. G Fleming, Civil Administration Review Issues in Practice (2003 conference paper) Leyland, Peter, and Gordon Anthony.Textbook on administrative law. Oxford University Press, 2016 R McLead, 25 Years of the Cth ombudsman (2002 Conference Presentation) R Snell and E Wells, Serial Applicants Troublesome Users and Abusers or Necessary Agitators (2006) AIAL Forum Paper. R snell, Review of Ombudsman Act: Position Paper (2004) Rose-Ackerman, Susan, Peter L. Lindseth, and Blake Emerson, eds.Comparative administrative law. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2017.

Humman Cloning Essay Example

Humman Cloning Essay * INTRODUCTION: The world of science and the public at large were both shocked and fascinated by the announcement in the journal Nature by Ian Wilmut and his colleagues that they had successfully cloned a sheep from a single cell of an adult sheep (Wilmut 1997). Scientists were in part surprised, because many had believed that after the very early stage of embryo development at which differentiation of cell function begins to take place, it would not be possible to achieve cloning of an adult mammal by nuclear transfer. In this process, the nucleus from the cell of an adult mammal is inserted into an ennucleated ovum, and the resulting embryo develops following the complete genetic code of the mammal from which the inserted nucleus was obtained. But some scientists and much of the public were troubled or apparently even horrified at the prospect that if adult mammals such as sheep could be cloned, then cloning of adult humans by the sameprocess would likely be possible as well. Of course, the process is far from perfected even with sheep— it took 276 failures by Wilmut and his colleagues to produce Dolly, their one success. Whether the process can be successfully replicated in other mammals, much less in humans, is not now known. But those who were horrified at the prospect of human cloning were not assuaged by the fact that the science with humans is not yet there, for it looked to them now perilously close. The response of most scientific and political leaders to the prospect of human cloning, indeed of Dr. Wilmut as well, was of immediate and strong condemnation. We will write a custom essay sample on Humman Cloning specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Humman Cloning specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Humman Cloning specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In the United States, President Clinton immediately banned federal financing of human cloning research and asked privately funded scientists to halt such work until the newly formed National Bioethics Advisory Commission could review the â€Å"troubling† ethical and legal implications. The Director-General of the World Health Organization (WHO) characterized human cloning as â€Å"ethically unacceptable as it would violate some of the basic principles which govern medically assisted reproduction. These include respect for the dignity of the human being and the protection of the security of human genetic material† (WHO 1997). Around the world similar immediate condemnation was heard, as human cloning was called a violation of human rights and human dignity. Even before Wilmut’s announcement, human cloning had been made illegal in nearly all countries in Europe and had been condemned by the Council of Europe (Council of Europe 1986). A few more cautious voices were heard, both suggesting some possible benefits from the use of human cloning in limited circumstances and questioning its too quick prohibition, but they were a clear minority. In the popular media, nightmare scenarios of laboratory mistakes resulting in monsters, the cloning of armies of Hitlers, the exploitative use of cloning for totalitarian ends as in Huxley’s Brave New World, and the murderous replicas of the film Blade Runner, all fed the public controversy and uneasiness. A striking feature of these early responses was that their strength and intensity seemed to far outrun the arguments and reasons offered in support of them— they seemed often to be â€Å"gut level† emotional reactions rather than considered reflections on the issues. Such reactions should not be simply dismissed, both because they may point us to important considerations otherwise missed and not easily articulated, and because they often have a major impact on public policy. But the formation of public policy should not ignore the moral reasons and arguments that bear on the practice of human cloning— these must be articulated inE-4 order to understand and inform people’s more immediate emotional responses. This paper is an effort to articulate, and to evaluate critically, the main moral considerations and arguments for and against human cloning. Though many people’s religious beliefs inform their views on human cloning, and it is often difficult to separate religious from secular positions, I shall restrict myself to arguments and reasons that can be given a clear secular formulation and will ignore explicitly religious positions and arguments pro or con. I shall also be concerned principally with cloning by nuclear transfer, which permits cloning of an adult, not cloning by embryo splitting, although some of the issues apply to both (Cohen and Tomkin 1994). I begin by noting that on each side of the issue there are two distinct kinds of moral arguments brought forward. On the one hand, some opponents claim that human cloning would violate fundamental moral or human rights, while some proponents argue that its prohibition would violate such rights. On the other hand, both opponents and proponents also cite the likely harms and benefits, both to individuals and to society, of the practice. While moral and even human rights need not be understood as bsolute, that is, as morally requiring people to respect them no matter how great the costs or bad consequences of doing so, they do place moralrestrictions on permissible actions that appeal to a mere balance of benefits over harms. For example, the rights of human subjects in research must be respected even if the result is that some potentially beneficial research is made more difficult or cannot be done, and the right of free expression prohibits the silencing of unpopular or even abhorrent views; in Ronald Dworkin’s striking formulation, rights trump utility (Dworkin 1978). I shall take up both the moral rights implicated in human cloning, as well as its more likely significant benefits and harms, because none of the rights as applied to human cloning is sufficiently uncontroversial and strong to settle decisively the morality of the practice one way or the other. But because of their strong moral force, the assessment of the moral rights putatively at stake is especially important. A further complexity here is that it is sometimes controversial whether a particular consideration is merely a matter of benefits and harms, or is instead a matter of moral or human rights. I shall begin with the arguments in support of permitting human cloning, although with no implication that it is the stronger or weaker position * The possibility of human cloning, raised when Scottish scientists at Roslin Institute created the much-celebrated sheep Dolly (Nature  385,  810-13, 1997), aroused worldwide interest and concern because of its scientific and ethical implications. The feat, cited by  Science  magazine as the breakthrough of 1997, also generated uncertainty over the meaning of cloning an umbrella term traditionally used by scientists to describe different processes for duplicating biological material. Historical Background: The history of human cloning human cloning is undoubtedly one of the most fascinating chapters of our lives. Essential question to be discussed to understand the ramifications of human cloning is when human life begins? C. Ward Kischer, a famous American embryologists, wrote in a recent article: Since 1973 when Roe vs. Wade was wo n there were many socio-legal issues related to human embryo. Abortion, fertilization in vitro research on human embryos, research on stem cells, cloning and genetic engineering are substantive issues of human embryology†. The answer is clear embryology that life begins at fertilization of the egg by a sperm (sexual reproduction) or if the SCNT cloning, implantation and activation when the donor somatic cell nucleus into an egg recipient (asexual reproduction). (6) Although non-mammalian cloning was achieved in 1952, mankind had to wait another 44 years until he was finally cloned the first mammal. The first cloned mammal, Dolly the sheep was born on July 5, 1996. In this fascinating history of cloning, there has been a major setback in 2003 when Dolly died at the age of 6 years. Death of the first cloned mammal, was followed by a lively debate related issues / ethical aspects of cloning, debate that continues today. Besides the successful attempts to clone the different species of animals, XX century was marked by several important moments in the development of the genealogy. Deciphering the success of DNA code in 1968 came as an enormous progress around much desired human clone. With nearly 20 years later, by 1988 the human genome, that genome Homosapiens stored in 23 pairs of chromosomes has been released. As things were headed becoming better by the appearance of a human clone, a major problem has become human cloning prohibition act in 2009, which has labeled as cloning illegal, immoral, not unethical activity. Since 2009, human cloning is illegal in 23 countries. So far, experiments were undertaken with five species of animals and the high rate of failure has given rise to many questions about human cloning success. Only 1% of animal cloning made so far have had a positive result, but most of them have suffered serious disorders. The conclusion of experts is that the current level of technology, human cloning is very dangerous. I discussed two types of human cloning: therapeutic cloning and reproductive cloning. Therapeutic cloning involves cloning cells from an adult for medicinal use and is an active research area, while reproductive cloning would involve the creation of human clones. Therapeutic cloning could provide unique ways to cure diseases until now considered incurable: diabetes, Parkinsons, Alzheimers, heart disease. (1) The third type of cloning called replacement cloning is a possibility in theory and would be a combination of therapeutic cloning and reproductive cloning. Higher probability of achieving a therapeutic cloning is more accessible in terms of technique, but also less morally problematic. * Statement Of The Problem: * What is cloning? Are there different types of cloning * How can cloning technologies be used? * What Animal Haved Been Cloned ? * Can organs be cloned for use in transplants? * What are the risks of cloning? * Should humans be cloned? * How Human Cloning Will Work Cause And Effect: Ethics Ethical issues of human cloning have become an important issue in recent years. Many ethical arguments against human cloning are based on misconceptions. Many people think that these clones will have the same characteristics / personalities as the person cloned. Although clone and cloned individual have the same genes, traits and personalities are different. People think that a clone is physically identical to the donor and her behavior, but this is not true because although there is a physical identity, living environment shapes an individuals ongoing behavior and psychology. Many people believe that cloning will lead to loss of individuality eventually, but people have their own personality cloned which personality is similar to those in which they were created. Lawrence Nelson, associate professor of philosophy at UCS, said that embryos can be used for research if: the purpose of research can not be achieved by other methods;    the embryos have reached more than 14-18 days of development;    those who use forbid you to consider or treat as personal property. One of the most serious problems of cloning of human embryos for therapeutic purposes, is that with harvesting stem cells, the embryo is formed by cloning practical killed. We can not reduce the existence of a human embryo to a cell as long as after both science and teaching of the Church, the human embryo is a carrier of life. 8) For a few years, the legalization of human cloning is in the center of global debate, which was also attended not only scientists but also politicians, philosophers, theologians, psychologists. For example, American Association of Pro Life Obstetricians and Gynecologists (AAPLOG) has spoken out against cloning, drawing attention that some business people might think of trading a human life. (4) What is harder is that it could reach the reproduction of living people without them knowing, to be involved in this process or to give consent. Questions appeared on the social status of any clone. What will be their status in society? In the U. S. House of Representatives issued a ruling that human cloning is illegal, but the Senate has yet to rule on the matter. The opinions are still leaning toward accepting only therapeutic cloning. Legalization of therapeutic cloning has been proposed as the only way to investigate, the chances of success, the basic criterion for funding such programs as the primary objective should be finding cures for incurable diseases. A coalition of states, including Spain, Italy, Philippines, USA, Costa Rica and the Holy Land have tried to expand the debate on all forms of human cloning, noting that in their view, therapeutic cloning violates human dignity. Costa Rica proposed the adoption of an international convention to combat any form of cloning. Australia has banned human cloning in December 2006, but therapeutic cloning is now legal in some parts of Australia. European Union European Convention on Human Rights prohibits human cloning in an additional protocol, but the protocol has been ratified only by Greece, Spain and Portugal. England The British government introduced legislation to allow therapeutic cloning in a debate on January 14, 2001. Hope that parliament will pass the law was prohibitive. Roman Catholic Church under Pope Benedict XVI has condemned the practice of human cloning, saying it represents a grave offense against human dignity and equality among the people. Human cloning is prohibited in Islam at the Tenth Conference in Jeddah. Saudi Arabia has decided on June 28, 1997-July 3, 1997 as the beginning of human cloning is haraam (forbidden by the faith-sin). Jesse Rainbow explain why there is an aversion to human cloning a clone would not be a real person cloning is playing the God cloning is not natural mention in closing some of the conditions proposed in a provisional list yet, so research on therapeutic human cloning (reproductive one is illegal) to proceed lawfully: it is necessary for embryos to be used only in the early stages of their development, without being allowed to grow further, all programs research must be supervised by government organizations dealing with fertilization and genetic techniques, various research programs will receive funding and approval only if it is scientifically demonstrated that there is no other way of obtaining the same results conventional, will not be permitted to research on human genetic material can be combined with that of animals, there must be a permanent state of public information on research undertaken and to be postulated that the limitations may be required to report the experiences and suffering of animals used for human benefit. (5)

Use the STAR Method to answer any interview question

Use the STAR Method to answer any interview question It’s interview day. You’ve worked on your handshake, your eye contact, your head-to-toe professional outfit. You know your resume backwards and forwards, and you’ve reviewed the job description so many times you can practically see it when you close your eyes. So, you’re ready. And then in the interview, you get a question you weren’t necessarily expecting: â€Å"Tell me about a time when you†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Argh, the dreaded behavioral questions. Now what? First, don’t panic. You can answer any question an interviewer throws your way, without grinding the whole thing to a halt. It’s as simple as being a STAR.What’s the STAR Method  and  how  do  you  use  it?STAR is a method you can use to frame an answer quickly and efficiently. It’s an acronym for:Situation: Where/when did this example take place?Task: What was your level of responsibility in this example?Action: What steps did you take?Result: What was the outcome, and what did you learn or achieve?Let’s break down some strategies for using the STAR method in your next and future interviews.Find the right exampleUnless something comes to mind right away, this can be the hardest part. But think of it this way: the question is likely to be a situation that is tied to something on your resume or a task in the job description, so this is something you can think about in advance, even if you don’t know what will be asked specifically. Ahead of the interview, come up with examples or anecdotes for every experience bullet point and skill on your resume. That way, when you’re asked, â€Å"Tell me about at time you showed leadership,† you will already have a list of relevant points ready to go.Relevance is the key- you don’t want to start rambling about something that doesn’t really fit what the interviewer is asking. So the quick internal check should be, â€Å"I think this is the right story- does it answer what’s being asked?†And if you need a bit of time to think things over, say so- it’s okay to ask for a minute to think things over. â€Å"That’s a really great question; I’d like to think about it for a minute!† You don’t want your contemplation to go too long, but taking 30 seconds to gather your thoughts will lead to a better answer.Set the sceneThis doesn’t have to be an elaborate, cinematic story. However, you should be able to give a few quick details to show the interviewer what the context is for your story.I was the lead on a project, and 80% of my team had called in sick†¦We were on schedule and on budget, when the client changed his mind in the middle of the meeting†¦I took a call from an angry customer, who was not interested in hearing the company’s side of the story†¦You’ll want to make it conversational so that it doesn’t sound like you memorized a card. All you need are a few short sentences- no need to provide detailed backstory about everyone involved or a history of your employment. You want the details to be directly relevant to your story. And it’s okay to be humorous or light in your response, as long as you keep the tone professional.Talk about what you did to solve the problem or approach the issueOnce you’ve set the scene for the interviewer, talk about what you did to resolve the issue. Usually, when interviewers ask behavioral-style questions, they’re just as interested in the how as the what. And again, this doesn’t need to be a long-winded, detailed step-by-step. A few succinct bullet points about what you did in the situation will be just fine. If the interviewer has any follow-up questions, she’ll ask.Talk up your achievements- or lessons learnedWhen you’re talking about the results, don’t be afraid to talk about what you achieved- especially if it puts you in a positive light. You don’t want to come off like a braggart, but you should own your accomplishments.The project came in under budget thanks to my fix, and we broke sales records that year.Because I caught the order before it was processed, I was able to stop 5,000 widgets from being shipped accidentally. That was a great feeling.And if you picked an example that didn’t necessarily have a happy ending (because hey, sometimes that’s the only anecdote that fits), be sure to talk about what you did gain from the situation.Although it was difficult   while I worked to resolve the issue, it taught me that nothing is more important than providing a superior customer experience.It was definitely a learning experience, and having worked with such a demanding client, I know I can work with anyone to get the job done.Like with your other STAR points, a couple of sentences should be all you need to summarize and wrap up your story.Practice beforehandIf you’re not all that comfortable with storytelling, this is definitely a skill you can build before you’re in the interview hot seat. Just like with body language or your handshake, practice until it becomes second nature! Grab a trusted person who can ask you general behavioral questions, and apply the STAR method to your conversation. If you do this enough times in your everyday life, you won’t be sitting in the interview thinking, â€Å"Okay, time for S. What’s the situation?† You’ll already be searching through your mind’s archive for the relevant anecdote.   Ã‚  If you prep for interviews with the STAR method, you can tackle any question an interviewer throws your way, even if it seems like it comes out of nowhere. Quick, to-the-point answers will impress your interviewer and demonstrate that you have one of the most important skills- thinking on you r feet.

Statistical Tool for Financial Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Statistical Tool for Financial - Research Paper Example However IPOs problems affect not simply corporations but also start-up companies facing plenty of obstacles, including the cost of Compliance with Sarbanes Oxley. Modern corporate finance however unanimously points to a formidable hurdle: Portfolio executives. Considering that the timing of an IPO will be driven by company growth and market conditions, we have based our assumptions for an efficient portfolio strategy on improving capital markets with IPOs hoping to maximise their wealth. With a rapid growth of issuers' activity on the cable markets, expected to continue in the next few years, we have used Time Warner Cable unit for this case study. If Section 1 illustrates and develops the implications of a newly created portfolio detailing executive level strategic financial decisions for the following year, Section 2 is more focused on the concept of decision planning as well as on its effects in case of poor corporate governance decisions. We have based the risk-return characteris tics of our rolling portfolio investment strategy on stocks bought and held for up to one year. Although the average long-run portfolio return is low and in line with market reactions to security offer announcements, this IPO stocks appear as long-shots, securing a buy-and-hold returns of 1,000 percent. In line with average NASDAQ market capitalization our IPO firm exhibits relatively high stock turnover and low leverage, contributing to lower systematic risk exposures. To analyse the implications of these strategic decisions, we have based our assessment on globally acknowledged peer-reviewed research and theory. Our conclusions are finally presented in Section 3. 1. Newly created portfolio strategy and executive-level strategic financial decision making The acknowledgement that flipping is useful in helping to create liquidity may convince an executive team that focusing resources almost exclusively on a few late-stage assets is a wise move. Measuring value and risk at portfolio level can contribute to appropriately capture the portfolio strategic risk and induce executives dissatisfied with the current status quo to analyse if they intend to leave corporate strategic risk management and diversification completely to shareholders and markets or how an independent growth path can be possible in their high-risk business. To analyse these issues it is important to develop a structured approach that helps senior executives better understand the impact of portfolio decisions on risk and value of the corporate or therapy area level portfolios. Therefore we have based our approach on assessing a strategy of purchasing and holding successive IPO stocks receives an expected return commensurable with risk. Usually this can be achieved by crea ting different market scenarios reflecting uncertainty around the product profile and resulting in a Risk and Value plot at the portfolio level. In consideration of the above, we have assessed this portfolio by using the Markowitz two assets portfolio model. Clearly when managing a very active investment portfolio against a well-defined benchmark, the goal of the manager should be to generate a return that exceeds that of the benchmark while minimizing the portfolio's return volatility relative to the benchmark. Assuming a portfolio of assets